Granulocyte - Macrophage (GM) Progenitor and Precursor Cells
Preferred Cell Systems™ has developed tools to detect and measure 3 GM progenitor cell and 2 individual precursor cell populations for different tissues and species.
Granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells have traditionally been detected as colonies in methylcellulose colony-forming cell assays. These have been designated by different names, such as GM-CFC, CFU-GM, CFU, CFU-C. The colonies derived from these progenitors can be mixed, individual granulocyte (usually composed of neutrophils and designated G-CFC, or G-CFU) or macrophage colonies (M-CFC or M-CFU) and can be identified by their colony appearance.
Primitive granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells, like primitive erythropoietic progenitor cells have the ability to proliferate and this characteristic has been utilized by Preferred Cell Systems™ to develop GM cell expansion reagents and highly advanced, instrument-based assays that quantitatively measure GM proliferation rather than differentiation.
Since the colony-forming assay cannot be used to measure cell proliferation, Preferred Cell Systems™ developed Suspension Expansion Culture™ (SEC™) Technology to provide an instrument-based measurement of GM cell proliferation for several applications, using different tissues and species. These assays have also been designed so that they can be combined with other readouts, such for phenotypic identification by flow cytometry and genetic analysis to obtain as much information as possible from a single sample.
Preferred Cell Systems™ distinguishes between GM progenitor cells cultured using SEC™ Technology and those grown in methylcellulose. All GM progenitor cells using SEC™ technology are designated with the prefix "P" for "Progenitor" or "Pr" for "Precursor".
In the table below, you will find all the myelomonopoietic populations developed by Preferred Cell Systems™ that can be detected using either a SEC™-based or a methylcellulose assay. These are:
- CellExpand = Flexible readout of cell expansion
- HALO = Bioluminescence readout
- HemoFLUOR = Fluorescence readout
- HemoLIGHT = Absorbance/colorimetric readout
- ColonyGro & CAMEO-4 = Manual or automated colony counting
- CAMEO-96 = Manual or automated colony counting following by bioluminescence measurement
- Use or application goal (research, cellular therapy or toxicity testing).
- Whether you need to measure proliferation, differentiation or both.
- Cell type being detected.
- Instrumentation available.
- Other factors such as accuracy, sensitivity, precision etc.
| SEC™ Granulocyte/ Macrophage Progenitor |
Use / Application | SEC™ Assay / Reagent |
CFC Granulocyte/ Macrophage Cell |
CFC Assay | Growth Factor Cocktail | Primitiveness / Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-GM 1 | Research/ CellularTherapy |
CellExpand |
NA | NA | GM, IL-3, SCF | Stem cell induction into primitive GM lineage |
| P-GM 1 | Research | CellExpand HALO HemoFLUOR HemoLIGHT |
GM-CFC 1 (MethoCult H4534 "Classic" |
ColonyGro CAMEO-4 CAMEO-96 |
GM, IL-3, SCF | Stem cell induction into primitive GM lineage |
| P-GM 1 | Cellular Therapy | CellExpand HALO PCA HemoFLUOR PCA HemoLIGHT PCA HALO TE HemoFLUOR TE HemoLIGHT TE HALO PMT HemoFLUOR PMT HemoLIGHT PMT |
GM-CFC 1 (MethoCult H4534 "Classic" |
ColonyGro CAMEO-4 CAMEO-96 |
GM, IL-3, SCF | Stem cell induction into primitive GM lineage |
| P-GM 1 | In Vitro Toxicity | HALO-Tox HT | GM-CFC 1 | ColonyGro CAMEO-4 CAMEO-96 |
GM, IL-3, SCF | Stem cell induction into primitive GM lineage |
| P-GM 2 | Research | CellExpand HALO HemoFLUOR HemoLIGHT |
GM-CFC 2 (MethoCult H4035 "Optimal") |
ColonyGro CAMEO-4 |
GM,G,IL-3,SCF | Stem cell induction into GM compartment with preference to neutrophils |
| P-GM 2 | Cellular Therapy | CellExpand HALO PCA HemoFLUOR PCA HemoLIGHT PCA |
GM-CFC 2 (MethoCult H4035 "Optimal") |
ColonyGro CAMEO-4 |
GM,G,IL-3,SCF | Stem cell induction into GM compartment with preference to neutrophils |
| P-GM 3 | Research | CellExpand HALO HemoFLUOR HemoLIGHT |
GM-CFC 3 | ColonyGro CAMEO-4 |
GM-CSF only | GM progenitor cell compartment |
| Pr-G | Research | NA | G-CFC | ColonyGro CAMEO-4 |
G-CSF only | Mature granulocyte precursor cells |
| Pr-M | Research | NA | M-CFC | ColonyGro CAMEO-4 |
M-CSF only | Mature macrophage precursor cells |
| All populations | Base growth medium | HemoGro |
Comments
Note: P-GM 1/GM-CFC 1, P-GM 2/GM-CFC 2 and P-GM 3/GM-CFC 3 will produce both granulocyte and macrophage mixed lineages as well as individual cell types.
Abbreviations
SEC™ = Suspension Expansion Culture™ Technology
NA = Not Available
P = Progenitor
Pr = Precursor
CFC = Colony-Forming Cell
IL-3 = Interleukin-3
GM-CSF = Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
G-CSF = Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor
M-CSF = Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
SCF = Stem Cell Factor